The Hidden Dangers of Hiking and How to Stay Safe
Hiking is often seen as a simple activity, just a matter of walking from one point to another. However, the reality can be far more complex. Factors such as terrain, weather, navigation, and fatigue can all contribute to trail safety issues. Recent events have highlighted the risks involved in what might seem like an easy adventure.
Last week, an Australian man lost his life after falling off the path on Peru’s Inca Trail. This tragic incident has sparked discussions about the importance of safety when hiking. Meanwhile, Tourism Australia faced criticism for a social media post that promoted Tasmania’s Western Arthurs Traverse as a way to increase daily step counts. While the Inca Trail is generally considered a moderately difficult hike, with its main challenges being altitude sickness, the Western Arthurs Traverse is known as one of the most challenging hikes in Australia. It is rated Grade 5, the highest rating on the Australian Walking Track Grading System, and is often described as the toughest bushwalk in the country. Viewing it as a simple daily exercise could lead to underestimating the potential dangers.
Understanding the Risks of Hiking
The risks associated with hiking are not limited to specific trails. A study published in Forensic Science International in 2020 found that there were, on average, 46 fatal hiking accidents in Switzerland each year between 2003 and 2018. Austria recorded an average of 110 hiker deaths during a similar period, with about half of them resulting from falls. In Australia, while the numbers are lower, they remain concerning. A 2022 study into deaths during sport and recreation between 2000 and 2019 found more fatalities from bushwalking (32) than from rock climbing, mountain biking, and surfing combined.
Despite the relatively low risk of accidents, the potential for incidents on hiking trails is real. However, this risk can be significantly reduced through proper preparation and knowledge.
Technology: A Double-Edged Sword
Technology plays a crucial role in modern hiking, but it can also be a double-edged sword. On one hand, trail apps and smartphone maps have made navigation easier, reducing the need for traditional map and compass skills. However, over-reliance on these tools can be dangerous. Phone batteries can die, and devices may fail or get damaged due to harsh weather conditions. Therefore, having a basic understanding of analog navigation techniques remains essential in emergencies.
On the other hand, technology can improve the chances of rescue. Personal Locator Beacons (PLBs) are small, lightweight devices that transmit a distress signal via satellite when activated. These devices can prompt a rescue operation, making them invaluable in remote areas. For example, in Purnululu National Park’s Piccaninny Gorge in WA, it is mandatory for hikers to carry a PLB. They are increasingly available for hire at various locations, such as 12 visitor centres around NSW national parks or from Service Tasmania. If purchasing, they start at around $430.
The Power of Common Sense
While technology can aid in safety, the most valuable tool in a hiker’s safety plan remains common sense. Sticking to marked trails is essential to avoid getting lost. Carrying a first aid kit, including a snakebite compression bandage, and knowing how to use the items within is also crucial. Additionally, hikers should avoid venturing to precarious, off-track vantage points that are often featured in social media hero shots. These spots can be extremely dangerous and are not worth the risk.
By combining proper preparation, technological tools, and common sense, hikers can significantly reduce the risks associated with their adventures. Whether exploring the Inca Trail, the Western Arthurs Traverse, or any other trail, safety should always be the top priority.
